Questions for Chapters 13 and 14


1.  What is another name for a pain receptor?

2.  What type of receptor senses the position of joints?

3.  What type of receptor would be stimulated by the level of acids and bases in the blood?

4.  What type of receptor responds to deep pressure?

5.  What is a collection of neuron cell bodies in the PNS?

6.  What is a collection of axons of neurons in the PNS?

7.  Within what structure do motor pathways exit the spinal cord?

8.  Within what structure do sensory pathways enter the spinal cord?

9.  What  happens to the ventral rami of most thoracic nerves?

10. What happens to the ventral rami of the other nerves?

11. What connective tissue covering surrounds a single neuron?

12. What is a mixed nerve?

13. What cells facilitate repair of PNS neuron injuries?

14. How many cervical nerves are there? Thoracic? Lumbar? Sacral?

15. What does the phrenic nerve do and what plexus does it come from?

16. Name the 5 nerves of the brachial plexus.

17. What is the largest nerve in the body and what plexus does it come from?

18. Describe the crossed extensor reflex.

19. What does the muscle spindle sense? What actions does it cause?

20. What does the Golgi tendon organ sense? What actions does it cause?

21. What regions of the CNS give rise to the sympathetic division of the ANS?

22. What regions of the CNS give rise to the parasympathetic division of the ANS?

23. What neurotransmitter binds to alpha and beta adrenergic receptors?

24. Name two cholinergic receptors.

25. Where are muscarinic receptors located?

26. Where are nicotinic receptors located?

For the rest of the questions, answer sympathetic or parasympathetic.

27. fight or flight

28. resting, digesting, conserving energy

29. innervates smooth muscle around blood vessels

30. stimulates adrenal medulla

31. ganglia located in the walls of target organs

32. ganglia located near the spinal cord

33. preganglionic fibers are long

34. preganglionic fibers are short

35.exerts short-lived control over effectors

36. exerts longer-lasting control over effectors

37. postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine

38. postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine